Andy Warhol: Biography and Major Works - The Beginning of Pop Legend
Andy Warhol: Biography and Major Works - The Beginning of Pop Legend
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The American Andy Warhol, was one of the most influential artists of the second half of the 20th century, created some of the most recognizable images ever produced. Bold, he challenged idealistic views and personal emotions conveyed by abstraction. Warhol adopted popular culture and commercial processes to produce work that pleased the general public.
He was one of the founders of the Pop Art movement, expanding the ideas of Marcel Duchamp, who challenged the very definition of art. His artistic risks and constant experimentation with subjects and communication means made him a pioneer in almost all forms of expression.
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BIOGRAPHY
Andrew Warhola was the third child of Czechoslovakian immigrant parents, Ondrej and Ulja (Julia) Warhola. Born on August 6, 1928, in a working-class neighborhood in Pittsburgh, United States. He had two older brothers, Paul Warhola (1922–2014) and John Warhola (1925–2010
Andy was always very close to his mother, a casual artist. She was known for her passion for decorative writing and angel and cat drawings. Julia always encouraged her son's artistic impulses, gave him his first camera when the boy was nine years old.
In his childhood, Andy suffered from a nervous disorder that often kept him at home, and during these long periods, he listened to the radio and collected photos of movie stars that he glued around his bed. It was this exposure to current events at a tender age that, later, he said shaped his obsession with popular culture and celebrities.
When he was 14, his father passed away, leaving the family money specifically for the children's higher education.
In 1945, after completing high school at 16, Andy studied at the Carnegie Institute of Technology, now University of Carnegie Mellon, where he received formal training in design.
Upon graduating in 1949, he moved to New York, where he worked as a commercial illustrator. His first project was for a Glamour Magazine , for an article titled "Success is a job in New York".
During the 50s, he continued his successful career in commercial illustration, working for several well-known magazines, such as Vogue ,Harper's Bazaar and The New Yorker . He also produced advertisements and store windows for local New York retailers. His work with Miller & Sons, for which his ads were soon recognized for their talent, gained great notoriety, winning several awards from the Art Director's Club and the American Institute of Graphic Arts.
In the early 50s, he reduced his name from Andrew Warhola to Andy Warhol. His experience and knowledge in commercial art, combined with his immersion in American popular culture, influenced his most notable work.
In 1952, he exhibited Quinze Desenhos Baseados nos Escritos de Truman Capote in his first individual exhibition at the Hugo Gallery (Soho), in New York. While exhibiting work in various locations in the city, he most notably exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA), where he participated in his first group exhibition in 1956.
To understand the rest of this journey, continue to our next article: Andy Warhol, biografia e principais obras: A Revolução Pop e o Nascimento da Fábrica.
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